The Itchy Dog: is it an Allergy?

The Itchy Dog: is it an Allergy?

Round Pen Panels - The Itchy Dog: is it an Allergy?

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Scratching is a very common symptom in dogs, and you as an owner should aim to nip it in the bud early before self trauma causes secondary injuries to your dog. However, before wondering whether your dog could have an allergy, you must rule out the common parasitic (fleas and mites), bacterial (hot spots) and fungal (ringworm and yeast) infections. See my article Is your Dog Scratching to seek these in greater detail.

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Just as allergies have become more common in children these days compared to several generations ago, veterinarians are finding far more allergies in pets too. It is difficult to clarify this phenomenon, theories range from alterations in the article of pet foods to the use of modern day household cleaning products or plainly genetic evolution. One thing is certain, anything the cause, allergic dogs benefit hugely from avoiding the offending allergen or, if that is impossible, proper treatment to minimize the itchiness.

Lets start with the presenting signs of an allergy in dogs. Itchiness can manifest itself not only as inevitable scratching at the neck and flanks, but also as face rubbing, foot licking or chewing and over grooming. Foot licking, for example, is often perceived by owners as normal, when in fact the dog is responding to itchy feet in the only way it can, by licking them. The skin in the middle of the toes may turn red and sore due to the compulsive licking, and in white dogs such as West Highland White Terriers and Bichon Frises, the fur is stained brown by saliva.

Ear infections are someone else common sign of an basal allergy. Though normal waxiness, hair in the ear canals, lack of ventilation, bacteria and yeast may trigger the infection, an basal allergy is often the root cause of the itchiness. If your dog gets recurrent ear infections, by eliminating an basal allergy you may forestall your dog from going over the itchiness threshold and developing full blown ear infections.

So, what are the common allergies in dogs?

For convenience they are best separated into 4 categories.

1) Flea bite hypersensitivity

2) Adverse food reaction

3) Atopic dermatitis

4) palpate dermatitis

Flea bite hypersensitivity is relatively right transmit to cure. It is a uncomplicated case of eliminating every particular flea on the dog and, crucially, in his/her environment. The itchiness is caused by an allergic reaction to the flea saliva, and so even a solitary flea can trigger a scratching frenzy. To rule out flea bite hypersensitivity, all animals in the house (dogs and cats) should be treated with a reputable veterinary spot on medication monthly without fail, and the house should be fully sprayed with an insecticidal spray.

Adverse food reactions are more difficult to treat as it can be difficult to isolate the literal, ingredient responsible for causing itchiness in your dog. Not only that, treating adverse food reactions requires owners to be exceptionally disciplined and motivated in preventing their pet having even a particular treat unless the exact ingredients are known to be safe.

There are two ways of diagnosing an adverse food reaction (also known as a food allergy). For those readers for whom cost is not an issue, a blood test can be done to quantum for ingredient definite antibodies in the bloodstream. The blood test is quite costly, and if combined with a blood test for environmental allergens is ordinarily upwards of 0 (?200). The company performing the blood test then provides a list of ingredients (chicken, beef, pork, rice, wheat etc) and a score next to them, suggesting which ingredients are best avoided. The owner then picks a market diet which does not include any of these ingredients, or nothing else but a extra home cooked diet. The second way to diagnose an adverse food reaction is to guide a dietary trial. This involves picking a very bland hypoallergenic diet and feeding your dog exclusively that for at least a month, preferably 6 weeks. The author ordinarily suggests turkey and rice, as less dogs are allergic to turkey than chicken. Of procedure if your dog happened to be allergic to rice or turkey, which is rare but nevertheless possible, you would be none the wiser as the itchiness would continue and you would assume you had ruled out a food allergy having done the turkey and rice dietary trial. Remember if you are doing one of these trials, then your dog must not be given any treats, especially not pigs ears, chews, boneos, dental sticks or any rawhide products. nothing else but nothing must be swallowed other than turkey and rice (and water!) for the whole trial period.

If you have ruled out flea bite hypersensitivity and ruled out an adverse food reaction, the next step is to think an environmental allergy, also known as atopic dermatitis. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis ordinarily begin in the middle of 1 and 3 years of age, though any age is possible. The itchiness is often seasonal, which is consistent with a pollen allergy, though some dogs are itchy all year round. There are inevitable breeds which are predisposed to this condition: Boxers, Bull Terriers, Dalmations, English Bulldogs, German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Shar Peis, Shih Tzus and West Highland White Terriers being the most generally affected. Analysis is ordinarily made based on the history and ruling out all the other causes of itchiness, and many vets will treat the condition on these presumptions. However, definitive Analysis can be achieved via a panel of injections into a patch of skin, or blood tests. Neither of these are particularly effective and generally not performed unless the owner is ready to attempt a desensitization programme. This involves a long term procedure of injections given by your vet on, say, a monthly basis to desensitize your dog to the offending allergen, and so make the allergic reaction much smaller when he/she does come into palpate with it.

Contact dermatitis is a skin reaction caused by your dog arrival into palpate with a chemical that is an irritant. It therefore only tends to affect the stomach, groin and feet of the dog, and is characterized by reddening and drying of the skin in these areas. It can also be seen when owners shampoo their dogs with a product that is not intended for use in dogs. palpate dermatitis is rare, but nothing else but ruled out by true use of cleaning products colse to the household. Just think, did the itchiness coincide with the introduction of a new carpeting cleaner, washing powder or fabric softener?

By far the best treatment for any allergy is avoidance of the cause. By true investigation and following the steps above this is often possible, especially for flea bite hypersensitivity, adverse food reactions and palpate dermatitis. If avoidance is impossible though, as is the case for many cases of atopic dermatitis, then seasonal or lifelong treatment may be indicated. Steroids are very effective at stopping itchiness caused by allergies, but long term use can lead to undesirable side effects, such as adrenal gland disease. Long term steroid use should only be used as a last resort, when other medications have been tried and failed. These other medications include antihistamines, essential fatty acids and medicated shampoos.

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